Abstract

The regulation of electron transport within the thylakoid membrane is a fundamental process in oxygenic photosynthesis, essential for efficient energy conversion and photoprotection. This study addresses the complex interplay between electron transport dynamics and regulatory mechanisms by developing a comprehensive *in silico* model. The primary objective was to simulate the induction kinetics of chlorophyll *a* fluorescence (ChlF), a non-invasive probe for photosynthetic activity, and to elucidate the underlying control of electron flow. The model incorporates the functional states of Photosystem II (PSII), the cytochrome *b*₆*f* complex, and Photosystem I (PSI), alongside the proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane. Simulation results successfully reproduce the characteristic O-J-I-P transient of the ChlF curve, providing quantitative insights into the reduction and oxidation states of the plastoquinone pool. Key findings reveal that the model accurately predicts the impact of various regulatory factors, such as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and cyclic electron flow, on the overall efficiency of light energy utilization. Specifically, the *in silico* analysis highlights the critical role of the plastoquinone pool's redox state in coordinating the balance between light harvesting and electron consumption. This work provides a powerful theoretical framework for interpreting ChlF data and offers a deeper understanding of how photosynthetic organisms dynamically regulate their thylakoid membrane-associated electron transport to adapt to fluctuating environmental conditions.